In 1998, a survey showed that over a fifth of the US population suffered from malocclusion. This is the dental term for having a bad bite, basically, teeth that are crowded in a mouth and don’t fit properly. Nearly everyone has at some point needed an intervention from a dentist be it for braces or tooth extraction. And in the Western world having braces as a child has become so common, it’s just seen as a rite of age.

So you would have thought our ancestors probably had it even worse, after all, they didn’t have toothpaste and toothbrushes. But fossil records show a different tale completely, meaning the plague of crooked teeth developed in humans over time. The jaws of humans from the hunter-gatherer age are all extremely roomy. And they show a perfect row of teeth, such as we see in movie stars, where wisdom teeth growth has not caused any problems.

The problem is as you may have guessed our jaws. A key problem with crooked teeth is simply lack of room for the teeth, the jaw is too small. It’s due to the changes in our diet that have changed how we chew. As our ancestors started to use more tools for cooking and eating, moving towards a more agriculture-based life, the need for large jaws lowered.

Anthropologists have long reported the size of the human mouth is getting smaller, shrinking. And that’s because instead of using our mouths to break things apart, humans have been using stone-based tools for over 3 million years. Cutting meat into smaller pieces means less chewing, which means jaws are no longer as powerful. Many scientists believe our modern habits notably around lack of sleep are being detrimental to our health. Fear not though as the same scientist believes with proper attention to our health and diet, our jaws can easily return to size for perfect teeth.

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As a result, the creator Thornwell Jacobs mirrored the crypt after the pyramids. Essentially, he created a complete library of every 1930s object plus the complete records of human knowledge over the past 6000 years. The Guinness Book of Records declared this crypt as the first attempt at creating a permanent record of 20th-century culture. Thousands of years into the future people will open up the crypt and find things they probably would never have seen otherwise.

Thornwell Jacobs who died in 1956 is considered by many historians as the creator of modern time capsules. In 1936, he calculated that the first Egyptian tomb was opened 6,117 years after it had been closed. Therefore he proposed the Crypt of Civilization to be opened in 6,117 years time. It was built in a former swimming pool basement in one of the university buildings called Phoebe Hearst Hall, a gothic building that was built in 1915. The chamber itself is airtight and only 20 ft long and 10 ft high. The doorway was welded shut after the room had been removed of oxygen by pumping it full of nitrogen.

Inside you can find many airtight canisters containing microfilms of over 800 standard books. Ranging from the Christian Bible, the Quran, or Dante’s Divine Comedy. There are even many artifacts donated by the King of Sweden Gustav V and seed samples for different plants. Historians also placed many recordings of various political leaders from the 1930s such as Joseph Stalin or Franklin D. Roosevelt. Given it was created before World War II, there are even recordings of Adolf Hitler that may never have been kept otherwise.

Many Americans were intrigued by the crypt at the time. Which led to various other Universities creating their time capsules such as the Westinghouse time capsule and the International Time Capsule.

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Living in southern Sweden in Angelholm, Handl said he would just stick to reading books about physics from now on. What’s even crazier is he was able to order the radioactive materials online, from Germany. It’s thought he was able to acquire all the materials for roughly 500 USD. It’s a bit scary to think anyone can buy ingredients to build nuclear weapons online without accreditations. At the same time, we can’t blame the supplier, they probably thought nobody would ever try to build a nuclear reactor at home.

Handl was posting regular updates on his experiments on his blog for six months. The blog was called Richard’s Reactor, which showed he was experimenting regularly on radium, uranium, thorium, and beryllium. The goal was to split an atom and start a nuclear reactor in his kitchen. Being unemployed some fathomed it was to create free electricity. Though Handl has confirmed it was simply curiosity.

Police have now confiscated all the nuclear materials and took his computer away also. However, Handl has told the press he had everything under control safely. An expert physician said that Handl was being extremely reckless and the experiments were highly dangerous. From his blog reports, he was simply cooking the different radioactive elements on a stove. And it even caused an explosion at one point.

In the end, Handl was convicted in 2014 for conducting illegal experiments on dangerous materials and for breaking the radiation safety act. However, he was only issued a fine of 13,600 kronor which is roughly 1600 USD. Hopefully, it has deterred Handl from future experiments!

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It worked as following, the rotating arms could be set up in various ways to create a code of symbols. They were sent from one tower to another simply by the operator looking at the tower through a telescope. The operator would then repeat the message on the arms of his tower to continuing relaying the message across the network. This would keep going until the message arrived at its destination. It was a system created by Claude Chappe and his brothers as early as 1792. Across France the whole network consisted of over 556 stations, relaying messages across 4,800 kilometers. Generally, this was used for military and national communications only, it enabled communications to travel at over 500 kilometers per hour.

As long as the visibility was there, an operator could send over three symbols in just under a minute. For example, a message could go from Paris to Lille in around nine minutes which is a distance of 200km. And because the network transferred government messages, it was encrypted so the operators would not understand what the symbols meant. A sort of primitive end-to-end encryption.

The Blanc brothers were two bankers who took advantage of the network by hiring a colleague to watch the Paris Stock Exchange and pass information from the big changes to an operator. The operator would then send them the messages to the Blanc brothers in Bordeaux. It meant they knew the Paris stock trends five days before anyone else in the Bordeaux stock market. And we’re able to capitalize on this knowledge by playing in advance.

When they were finally caught after the fraud for two years, authorities realized no law existed to convict them, so the Blanc brothers were completely free.

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Herbert Sukenik was part of four elderly men who refused for years to move out of their rent-controlled apartments. By law, it meant that developers had to buy them out of their homes if they wanted them to move out. After real estate developers Zeckendorf brothers bought the building for $400 million in 2004, they were eager to turn the property into an exclusive block of apartments focused on celebrities.

Eventually, they were able to develop them into the famous block at 15 Central Park West, home to figures such as Denzel Washington or Sting. However, it wasn’t easy for them to make this property happen. Apparently, Mr. Sukenik refused to sign an agreement for 2 years, even though his 350 square foot room was covered in mold. The brothers tried issuing him multi-million cheques, but nothing would get him to budge.

The 73-year-old proved to be extremely stubborn and also very smart. Consequently, he was able to get the brothers to agree to a huge payout plus relocating him into a replacement home. Even the replacement home is estimated to have been worth $2 million. And he only had to pay them $1 per month in rent.

Will Zeckendorf has even gone on record to say that dealing with Sukenik was a nightmare. He describes Sukenik as being highly intelligent, holding multi PhDs but being very embittered and disconnected from the wider society. Zeckendorf has not given any exact relocation amounts but did confirm it was the biggest payout to relocate a New York tenant ever. It seems strange to ask for so much money given Sukenik had no known family or relatives. Maybe it was just his way of sticking it to the man, and showing that stubbornness does eventually pay off.

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The dagger was not located until 1925, three years after the discovery of Tutankhamen’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings. An English archaeologist by the name of Howard Carter found two daggers that were expertly hidden in the mummified body. In the king’s right thigh there was an iron blade with a gold handle. It was encased in a golden sheath that had many patterns of lilies, feathers, and even the head of the jackal. Of course, these were all symbols of strength during Ancient Egyptian times. The other dagger was found in Tut’s abdomen, it was entirely made out of gold.

Now you may think the golden dagger was more valuable. However, during the bronze age iron was nearly never smelted, it was even considered more valuable than gold. Ancient Egypt was valuable in numerous mineral resources which gave way to its rise in power, such as gold, bronze, and copper. However, there is not much reference to iron smelting until much later in their history. Historians pretty much agree with archaeologists that the handful of iron objects found in the old kingdom must have fallen from the sky. Essentially, they were made from meteoric metal. During the era of King Tut, it was referred to as the Iron From The Sky.

Researchers from the University of Pisa in Italy were able to confirm that the dagger was indeed from a meteor. However, not much is known about why it was created or what role it played in history. Even a century after the discovery of Tutankhamen’s tomb we remain completely fascinated by the study of the 3,300-year-old tomb. More recently radar scans showed there was possibly a second tomb behind it. Various researchers believe it could be the long lost tomb of Queen Nefertiti. She was the chief wife of Akhenaten, which was the king before Tutankhamen, potentially his father.

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Scientists are working with farmers to reduce anxiety levels and stress in cows. It is known that a relaxed cow will produce more milk. So this is no marketing stunt, it’s a genuine scientific trial. The Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Moscow even issued a press release about the matter. The report states that special adapted VR goggles are being used on the cow’s head. The idea is to trick the cow into thinking it’s always in an enjoyable environment.

It’s a growing movement in farming techniques to focus on the animal’s emotional well being. This means bringing along the quality of life improvements that make them feel happier. Other techniques find farmers using scrubbing brushes or playing constant relaxing music. Scientists are claiming the first results with the VR headsets show that cows are much more relaxed. And when the herd is feeling happier, then it helps increase the milk production overall.

However, other researchers believe cows don’t have a vision like humans at all. So question the validity of this VR goggle cow farming study. Because cows only have a very limited binocular vision, meaning it’s not a clear cut case that they could even use virtual reality. But let’s be honest if we were always sitting in a summertime field then our mood would probably improve. As a result, it’s not really that far fetched, is it?

Other stories from farmers to improve their product include Wagyu beef farmers setting up mood lighting and massages. They’re adamant it leads to better beef tastes. And Missouri farmers have a long history of playing music to their cows, which they say will improve the taste of the milk.

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The bus would actually start its journey in Sydney to travel to London via India. Usually setting out with about 15 passengers it was a journey of 16,000 kilometers that would last an average of 135 days. Amazingly the bus route would go through 14 other countries during its route: Belgium, West Germany, Austria, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, West Pakistan, India, Burma, Thailand, Malaya, and Singapore.

And when the bus drove through India, it would go all through the major hubs such as Delhi, Agra, Allahabad, Benaras, and Kolkata. The ticket also included the cost of food and accommodation during the journey. Apparently, the Albert Bus Tour was seen as a luxury trip, for example, the lower level had a reading and dining lounge. And the upper front deck had space for an observation lounge.

Additionally, the bus contained a fully equipped kitchen along with music for parties. There were fan heaters in the bus and individual sleeping bunks. In fact, one of the marketing slogans for the bus during the 60s was “A home away from home.”

Of course, being a tour, the bus would drive through major tourist destinations such as the Golden Horn of Istanbul. Or even the Peacock Throne of Delhi or the Caspian Sea coast. The package even made time for shopping days in places such as Tehran, Vienna, or New Delhi. Amazingly the Albert Tour ran without any problems until it ended its service in 1976. In total, the bus had made over 150 border crossings without any problems. It even earned itself a special status as a Friendly Ambassador for most of the nations it drove through.

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Amazingly, she survived both incidents of July 28th, 1945. She was working at the Empire State Building as an elevator attendant. But that morning it was extremely foggy and there was still World War II ongoing. Even though it was the last moments of the war, the United States was taking every military precaution. As a result, a B-25 service bomber was going on a very basic mission that transported servicemen from Massachusetts to LaGuardia Airport in New York City.

Even though Captain William Smith was an experienced and decorated pilot, the fog crept in quickly. Suddenly he found himself flying over New York with zero visibility. LaGuardia airport told him not to land but it appears Smith decided to ignore the order. He made the turn to fly over midtown Manhattan but it looks like the fog completely disoriented his path. Because instead of taking a left after the Chrysler building, Smith turned the aircraft to the right – he was now flying directly among the city’s skyscrapers. At this time the Empire State Building was the tallest skyscraper in the world. Smith crashed between the 78th to 80th floor, killing the crew members and 11 people inside the building.

In fact, it took over 2 days to find Smith’s body as it had fallen down an elevator shaft. And the inside was chaos as employees scrambled around, and people even caught fire. People said even on the 50th floor they felt the impact. Furthermore, the building shook so hard that people were thrown across the room. Of course, the worst was poor Betty inside her elevator, it suddenly dropped. Parts of the plane had struck the elevator cables, causing them to snap!

It was a total of 75 floors, over 1,000 feet drop, so Betty should have died on impact. However, all the thousands of feet of cable had fallen down the shaft before the elevator. They provided a cushioned landing, which incredibly allowed Betty to survive.

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The investigation quickly became mainstream news because the tattoo indicated that the arm belonged to James “Jim” Smith. Smith was a former boxer and small-time criminal who had gone missing completely. It came out that Smith was also a police informer, so it was more than likely he had been murdered by a gang. The coroner confirmed the arm had been cut off by a knife and not by a shark bite.

Mysteriously the aquarium owner then killed the shark and got rid of it, which slowed down the police investigation. Many suspected the gangs had bribed him. However, inquiries led the police to William Holmes, who was a well-known smuggler and fraudster. He also owned a family boat-building business which was quite successful. It’s believed he had used Smith several times to work insurance scams where they would over insure boats and then sink the boats.

Nobody ever found the rest of Smith’s body, but it’s thought Holmes was involved. Because then the police were closing in, he attempted to commit suicide. But his .32 caliber pistol only stunned him, he even tried to get away from going to the hospital with a mad police chase around Sydney Harbour for several hours. In the end, Holmes agreed to cooperate with the police, but just a few days later he turned up dead after withdrawing £500 from his bank account.

A very strange tale of the Australian crime underbelly that has never really been solved. All because a shark vomited up an arm! Later a theory came out that Smith owed money to a major gangland figure known as Eddie Weyman, who was notorious for defrauding banks during the same period.

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